Ubuntu环境Docker+K8s+Dashboard的安装配置(无坑亲测)
安装之前的准备：安装docker使用国内 daocloud 一键安装命令：curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/docker | sh直接从dockerhub下载镜像太慢, 需要配置国内镜像源, 修改daemon.json文件添加镜像源, luffy使用的是中科大的镜像源cat <<EOF >/etc/docker/daemon.json{"registry-mirrors": ["https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/"]}EOF启动dockersudo systemctl daemon-reloadsudo systemctl restart docker安装kubelet,kubectl,kubeadm：打开apt源文件：vim /etc/apt/sources.list添加如下：deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial main然后更新apt源：apt-get updateps:如果出现下面错误
W: GPG error: https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt kubernetes-xenial InRelease: The following signatures couldn't be verified because the public key is not available: NO_PUBKEY FEEA9169307EA071 NO_PUBKEY 8B57C5C2836F4BEB执行安装GPG秘钥：curl https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/apt/doc/apt-key.gpg |sudo apt-key add -在进行apt-get update安装kube：apt-get install -y kubelet=1.18.0-00 kubeadm=1.18.0-00 kubectl=1.18.0-00启动master节点查看镜像列表kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version v1.18.0拉取镜像：docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7给镜像改名：docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver:v1.18.0docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager:v1.18.0docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler:v1.18.0docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.18.0 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.18.0docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.2 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.2docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd:3.4.3-0 k8s.gcr.io/etcd:3.4.3-0docker tag registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns:1.6.7 k8s.gcr.io/coredns:1.6.7注意：以上三步关于镜像的操作也可以直接写到一个脚本里，for循环来执行，详情可以查询脚本操作。vim k8s-pull.sh添加内容：#将对应的包, 从国内镜像上拉下来foriin`kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version v1.18.0`;do imageName=${i#k8s.gcr.io/} docker pull registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageName k8s.gcr.io/$imageName docker rmi registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/$imageNamedone;执行脚本sh k8s-pull.sh镜像下载完成，可以启动master节点了：kubeadm init --kubernetes-version=v1.18.0 --pod-network-cidr=10.10.0.0/16 --apiserver-advertise-address=172.18.10.172 --ignore-preflight-errors=NumCPU注意172.18.10.172是我的服务器内网地址，注意替换，--ignore-preflight-errors=NumCPU 是因为我的服务器是买的低配单核，加上就忽略启动是的cpu核心数报错，多核 的不用加这个设置配置文件如下：mkdir -p /root/.kubecp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf /root/.kube/configchown root:root /root/.kube/config设置网络插件export KUBECONFIG=/etc/kubernetes/admin.confkubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.co ... on/kube-flannel.ymlmkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d编辑网络通道配置列表（没有会默认创建）vi 10-flannel.conflist
{
undefined"name": "cbr0",
"plugins": [
{
undefined"type": "flannel",
"delegate": {
undefined"hairpinMode": true,
"isDefaultGateway": true
}
},
{
undefined"type": "portmap",
"capabilities": {
undefined"portMappings": true
}
}
]
}
多次刷新查看是否relaykubectl get nodes显示Ready表示执行成功NAME STATUS ROLES AGE VERSIONizwz91w9jegcgf28ttbe2yz Ready master 46h v1.18.0重启kubeletsystemctl daemon-reloadsystemctl restart kubelet安装 kubernetes-dashboard下载包wget https://raw.githubusercontent.co ... oy/recommended.yaml可以修改下名字kubernetes-dashboard，编辑配置文件vim kubernetes-dashboard.yaml下面我这个已经修改好了没有坑，注意下端口就行# Copyright 2017 The Kubernetes Authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
type: NodePort # 新增
ports:
- port: 443
targetPort: 8443
nodePort: 30443 # 新增
selector:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-csrf
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
data:
csrf: ""
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
type: Opaque
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard-settings
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
# Allow Dashboard to get, update and delete Dashboard exclusive secrets.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["secrets"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-key-holder", "kubernetes-dashboard-certs", "kubernetes-dashboard-csrf"]
verbs: ["get", "update", "delete"]
# Allow Dashboard to get and update 'kubernetes-dashboard-settings' config map.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["configmaps"]
resourceNames: ["kubernetes-dashboard-settings"]
verbs: ["get", "update"]
# Allow Dashboard to get metrics.
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
verbs: ["proxy"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["services/proxy"]
resourceNames: ["heapster", "http:heapster:", "https:heapster:", "dashboard-metrics-scraper", "http:dashboard-metrics-scraper"]
verbs: ["get"]
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
rules:
# Allow Metrics Scraper to get metrics from the Metrics server
- apiGroups: ["metrics.k8s.io"]
resources: ["pods", "nodes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: kubernetes-dashboard
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: kubernetes-dashboard
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
name: kubernetes-dashboard
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
containers:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard
image: kubernetesui/dashboard:v2.0.0
imagePullPolicy: Always
ports:
- containerPort: 8443
protocol: TCP
args:
- --auto-generate-certificates
- --namespace=kubernetes-dashboard
# Uncomment the following line to manually specify Kubernetes API server Host
# If not specified, Dashboard will attempt to auto discover the API server and connect
# to it. Uncomment only if the default does not work.
# - --apiserver-host=http://my-address:port
volumeMounts:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
mountPath: /certs
# Create on-disk volume to store exec logs
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTPS
path: /
port: 8443
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsUser: 1001
runAsGroup: 2001
volumes:
- name: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
secret:
secretName: kubernetes-dashboard-certs
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
nodeSelector:
"kubernetes.io/os": linux
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
---
kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
ports:
- port: 8000
targetPort: 8000
selector:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
---
kind: Deployment
apiVersion: apps/v1
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
namespace: kubernetes-dashboard
spec:
replicas: 1
revisionHistoryLimit: 10
selector:
matchLabels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
template:
metadata:
labels:
k8s-app: dashboard-metrics-scraper
annotations:
seccomp.security.alpha.kubernetes.io/pod: 'runtime/default'
spec:
containers:
- name: dashboard-metrics-scraper
image: kubernetesui/metrics-scraper:v1.0.4
ports:
- containerPort: 8000
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
scheme: HTTP
path: /
port: 8000
initialDelaySeconds: 30
timeoutSeconds: 30
volumeMounts:
- mountPath: /tmp
name: tmp-volume
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: false
readOnlyRootFilesystem: true
runAsUser: 1001
runAsGroup: 2001
serviceAccountName: kubernetes-dashboard
nodeSelector:
"kubernetes.io/os": linux
# Comment the following tolerations if Dashboard must not be deployed on master
tolerations:
- key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
effect: NoSchedule
volumes:
- name: tmp-volume
emptyDir: {}
更新dashboard配置kubectl apply -f kubernetes-dashboard.yaml查看dashboard端口kubectl get pod,deploy,svc --all-namespaces返回下面数据都显示running：表示成功
在这里插入图片描述登录dashboard此时通过 https://服务器外网ip:30443
可以访问dashboard页面生成登陆须要的token：1：建立service accountkubectl create sa dashboard-admin -n kube-system2：建立角色绑定关系kubectl create clusterrolebinding dashboard-admin --clusterrole=cluster-admin --serviceaccount=kube-system:dashboard-admin3：查看dashboard-admin的secret名字ADMIN_SECRET=$(kubectl get secrets -n kube-system | grep dashboard-admin | awk '{print $1}')echo ADMIN_SECRET4：打印secret的tokenkubectl describe secret -n kube-system ${ADMIN_SECRET} | grep -E '^token' | awk '{print $2}'
备注：有什么问题可以查看日志，排查journalctl -xeu kubelet
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